Grid Glossary

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Inverter

Technology that provides the interface between the grid and energy sources like solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage, converting direct current to alternating current (which is how electricity is delivered in the United States). It is used to convert power output from solar cells, batteries, and wind turbines into power that can be injected into the grid.

Inverter-Based Resources (IBR)

A power generation or storage device (such as a battery) that connects to the electrical grid through an inverter, a power electronic device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). These resources, including solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, wind turbines, and battery energy storage systems, are increasingly important for grid stability.

ISO-NE

ISO New England

MISO

Midcontinent Independent System Operator, serves northern Midwest, southeast, and parts of Canada

Watts

Measure of the rate of energy transfer over a unit of time, with one watt equal to one joule (J) per second.

Wind power

A form of renewable energy that uses the kinetic energy of wind to generate electricity. It involves capturing the wind’s energy through turbines, which then convert this mechanical energy into electricity. Modern wind power generation primarily relies on wind turbines, often grouped into wind farms, connected to the electrical grid.

Winter peaking

The increase in energy demand during the winter months, usually due to heating needs. This can lead to higher energy prices and bills for a number of reasons, including: 

  • Strained energy grid: The high demand can strain the energy grid, which can cause utilities to work harder to meet the need.
  • Seasonal rate adjustments: Many energy providers adjust rates based on seasonal demand.
  • Increased use of lighting: Shorter and darker winter days can lead to greater use of in-home lighting.

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