A way for wholesale electric energy prices to reflect the value of electric energy at different locations, accounting for the patterns of load, generation, and the physical limits of the transmission system.

Analysis is typically performed on a system to determine the amount of capacity that needs to be installed to meet the desired reliability target, commonly expressed as an expected value, or LOLE of 0.1 days/year.

Measure of the rate of energy transfer over a unit of time, with one watt equal to one joule (J) per second.

A form of renewable energy that uses the kinetic energy of wind to generate electricity. It involves capturing the wind’s energy through turbines, which then convert this mechanical energy into electricity. Modern wind power generation primarily relies on wind turbines, often grouped into wind farms, connected to the electrical grid.

The increase in energy demand during the winter months, usually due to heating needs. This can lead to higher energy prices and bills for a number of reasons, including: 

• Strained energy grid: The high demand can strain the energy grid, which can cause utilities to work harder to meet the need.
• Seasonal rate adjustments: Many energy providers adjust rates based on seasonal demand.
• Increased use of lighting: Shorter and darker winter days can lead to greater use of in-home lighting.